Milk Thistle. Medical research on milk thistle and liver health has led to mixed results. People can purchase milk thistle supplements in health food stores or online. 2019;33(6):1627-1638. doi:10.1002/ptr.6361. Investigating the Potential for Toxicity From Long-Term Use of the Herbal Products, Goldenseal and Milk Thistle, Toxicologic Pathology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345. Gillessen A, Schmidt HH. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Horn and Hansten are both professors of pharmacy at the University of Washington School of Pharmacy. J Med Assoc Thai. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. Telecommunications relay service (TRS): 7-1-1, Email: info@nccih.nih.gov (link sends email). Yang Z, Zhuang L, Lu Y, Xu Q, Chen X. Hepatology. Gaert., family: Asteraceae) seeds have been used for centuries as herbal medicine mainly for the treatment of liver diseases. 2014;2014:941085. doi:10.1155/2014/941085. This may help ease symptoms from liver . Liquid forms of this product may contain sugar and/or alcohol. As with any natural remedy, people should discuss using milk thistle with a doctor before taking it. It is now found throughout the world. However, there is no solid evidence that supports these claims. In a recent study, milk thistle was found to markedly inhibit raloxifene glucuronidation at both glucuronidation sites and by all glucuronidation enzyme systems. Nanjan MJ, Betz J. Resveratrol for the management of diabetes and its downstream pathologies. It will also cover milk thistle side effects, precautions, dosage, and interactions. Medical News Today only shows you brands and products that we stand behind. The Clearinghouse does not provide medical advice, treatment recommendations, or referrals to practitioners. 3. Milk thistle also did not affect the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin in a randomized controlled study in healthy subjects, suggesting that milk thistle does not affect the activity of the uptake transporter, OATP1B1.5. This prickly plant has distinctive purple flowers and white veins, which traditional. Milk thistle purportedly has hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. 2016;5147468. doi:10.1155/2016/5147468. It is not intended to substitute for the medical expertise and advice of your health care provider(s). The NCCIH Clearinghouse provides information onNCCIHand complementary and integrative health approaches, including publications and searches of Federal databases of scientific and medical literature. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. Check with your pharmacist for more details about the brand you use.The FDA has not reviewed this product for safety or effectiveness. Kazazis CE, Evangelopoulos AA, Kollas A, Vallianou NG. The therapeutic potential of milk thistle in diabetes, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. 2014;97 Suppl 11:S31-S40. High cholesterol can lead to problems with heart health and increase a persons chance of stroke. Milk thistle (PDQ) patient version. Can diet help improve depression symptoms? A double-blind controlled study. Hepatology. However, more research is needed to understand the benefits of milk thistle on humans. Some, but not all, milk thistle supplements are vegan. Read our. Before using this product, tell your doctor or pharmacist of all prescription and nonprescription/herbal products you may use, especially of: drugs removed from your body by certain liver enzymes (such as amitriptyline, atorvastatin, tamoxifen, warfarin, estrogens, birth control pills/patches/rings that contain estrogen, NSAIDs including celecoxib/ibuprofen). 2016;2016:5147468. doi:10.1155/2016/5147468. Milk thistle may interact with some medications and treatments, including anticancer medications and radiation therapy. Enter other medications to view a detailed report. Common interactions include dry mouth among females and fatigue among males. Its not known whether milk thistle is helpful for other conditions. Take your next dose at the regular time. The following two tabs change content below. Take charge of your healthtalk with your health care providers about any complementary health approaches you use. For centuries, this herb has been used in fighting hangovers (9). Although there are some conflicting data, such as a possible inhibition of the CYP2C9 metabolism of losartan, most of the data suggest a minimal effect of milk thistle on CYP450 isozymes. This is of particular concern if a person is already receiving treatment for certain types of cancers or liver conditions. Some of these drugs may include Mevacor, Lescol, Zocor, Pravachol, and Baycol. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. You might also get the herb at your nearest supermarket/pharmacy. Front Immunol. Selected from data included with permission and copyrighted by First Databank, Inc. Seeff LB, Curto TM, Szabo G, et al. Milk thistle is a plant named for the white veins on its large prickly leaves. If your condition lasts or gets worse, or if you think you may have a serious medical problem, get medical help right away. Of the total drug interactions, Rarely, taking milk thistle may cause: There is not much information about the interaction of milk thistle with other drugs, including anticancer medications and radiation therapy. By Brittany Lubeck, RD content is best viewed in IE9 or above, Firefox and Google Chrome browser. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any of the following symptoms of a serious allergic reaction: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing. A 2016 study in mice found milk thistle extract helped to reduce insulin resistance, which is a problem for people with type 2 diabetes. In one case, milk thistle had caused excessive sweating and weakness (14). If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist. We link primary sources including studies, scientific references, and statistics within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. Silymarin, a Promising Pharmacological Agent for Treatment of Diseases, Iranian University of Medical Sciences, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Herb-drug Interactions: A Literature Review, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. This product is not recommended for use during pregnancy. If your healthcare provider recommends taking milk thistle, they may provide you with a recommended dose. An important part of taking supplements is proper storage. Achufusi TGO, Patel RK. Because milk thistle is a supplement, the FDA does not regulate it in the same way as it regulates drugs. If you are currently being treated with any of the following medications, you should not use milk thistle without first talking to your healthcare provider. We know little about whether milk thistle is effective in people, as only a few well-designed clinical studies have been conducted. Milk thistle may help to promote healthy skin. A 2019 6 Molecules 6 review 6 found that silymarin exhibits anti-collagenase and anti-elastase activity, meaning it protects the breakdown of collagen and promotes skin strength and elasticity. Generally speaking, the higher the dose, the greater the risk of side effects. Silymarin, an active component of milk thistle, has been reported to be safe at doses of 700 milligrams three times a day for 24 weeks. More study is needed to confirm this. 2020;37(4):1279-1301. doi:10.1007/s12325-020-01251-y. Loguercio C, Festi D. Silybin and the liver: from basic research to clinical practice. ODS seeks to strengthen knowledge and understanding of dietary supplements by evaluating scientific information, supporting research, sharing research results, and educating the public. The leaves are wide with white blotches or veins. Herbal remedies are usually the talk of the town. Milk thistle is found throughout the eastern United States, California, South America, Africa, Australia, and Asia. Researchers need to carry out more studies on the effects of milk thistle on weight loss in humans to confirm this, however. Milk thistle is an herbal remedy with rich plant compounds. Olive Oil Vs. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about using this product safely. Milk thistle (PDQ) health professional version. Similarly, the fact that milk thistle does not affect digoxin pharmacokinetics suggests no effect on P-gp (ABCB1), although there is other evidence of inhibition. Han YU, Guo D, Chen Y, et al. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease where the immune system overreacts to environmental triggers, leading to inflammation in the airways. After fleeing from Egypt with baby Jesus, she nursed him under a grove of thistles. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 5 Feb 2023), Cerner Multum (updated 22 Feb 2023), ASHP (updated 12 Feb 2023) and others. Some people also call it Mary thistle and holy thistle. Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial. de Avelar CR, Pereira EM, de Farias Costa PR, et al. In:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed). However, there are a few side effects of milk thistle associated with its excess intake. The FDA has not approved milk thistle to treat any health conditions. Milk thistle may interfere with the following medications, because both milk thistle and these medications are broken down by the same liver enzymes: Reviewed By: Steven D. Ehrlich, N.M.D., private practice specializing in complementary and alternative medicine, Phoenix, AZ. Silybum (milk thistle) is a genus of two species of thistles in the family Asteraceae. Silymarin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Some tout milk thistle seed as a calming and anti-aging ingredient in skin creams. Although research is still emerging, milk thistle may be beneficial for conditions relating to the liver and gallbladder. Weight Loss for Health and Longevity, Science Reveals How Red Meat Harms the Heart, Flavored Vapes Still in Stores Despite Federal Ban, New COVID Antiviral Pills: What You Need to Know, Dr. Whyte's Book: Take Control of Your Cancer Risk, WebMD Loses Cherished Leader Kristy Hammam, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox. Researchers also found in another study that milk thistle had antioxidant and anti-aging effects on human skin cells in a laboratory environment. JAMA. milk thistle. Accessed at naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com on April 1, 2020. Regardless, interactions are still possible. An older study found that milk thistle extract had a positive effect on immune response in humans. Another 2020 review of research on milk thistle concluded the compound silymarin appears to be a promising substance for the treatment of insulin resistance, including in people with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Dosage is also typically listed on the nutrition label of supplements. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Website: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a flowering plant that comes from the same family as the daisy. It is also unknown whether milk thistle is safe for children. Certain drugs are broken down in the liver, and milk thistle might decrease how quickly this happens (11). Milk thistle is available as a supplement from many health food stores. More studies with human participants could allow scientists to say with certainty that milk thistle supports a persons immune system. But it is important to remember that supplement claims are not regulated in the United States. Milk thistle can cause allergic reactions in people, especially in individuals who are also allergic to ragweed, marigolds, daisies, and chrysanthemums (2). Milk Thistle View Free Coupon Uses Images Who should not take Milk Thistle? 2012;308(3):274-82. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8265. How should we deal with preliminary information such as this? Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); February 20, 2022. However, the extracts in milk thistle could act like estrogen. Substances in milk thistle may reduce blood sugar. Soy Protein Vs. Whey Protein: Pros And Con Soy Protein Vs. Whey Protein: Pros And Cons + Which Is Better. Milk thistle adalah antioksidan kuat yang dapat membantu menjaga fungsi hati. Talk to your pharmacist for more details. Studies show that silymarin may help ease inflammation and promote cell repair. Milk thistle may not be safe for everyone. jaundice. Keep all medications and herbal products away from children and pets. Does milk thistle cause any side effects? Phytomedicine. In: StatPearls. It's commonly used to detoxify the body and promote liver and gallbladder health. Some people may be allergic to milk thistle. Ebrahimpour koujan S, Gargari BP, Mobasseri M, Valizadeh H, Asghari-jafarabadi M. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Milk thistle seeds contain silymarin. Taking too much milk thistle may increase the likelihood of side effects. Milk thistle side effects (more detail) According to the NIH, milk thistle supplements appear to have very few side effects. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Another small 2015 study that fed rats a high-fat diet found that the combination of milk thistle and dandelion improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Keep in mind, though, that it is unknown if milk thistle tea provides the same suggested benefits as milk thistle supplements. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved milk thistle for the treatment of cancer. The following conditions are contraindicated with this drug. You should follow dosage directions to prevent side effects. World J Gastroenterol. Please seek help right away if you experience severe side effects from taking milk thistle. Salmi, H. and Sarna, S. Effect of silymarin on chemical, functional, and morphological alterations of the liver. Mothers who used milk thistle to boost their milk production reported unwanted weight gain along with irritability and nausea (16). However, consult your doctor for the best advice. Moderately clinically significant. Further, while liver-related mortality was significantly reduced by milk thistle, this was not seen in any of the high-quality trials. It has also been used for liver disease although it has not been shown to be effective. Common side effects of milk thistle reported in studies include: Typically, side effects will subside once you stop using milk thistle. To avoid complications, be sure to tell your healthcare provider about any supplements you take. The Natural agonist of estrogen receptor silibinin plays an immunosuppressive role representing a potential therapeutic tool in rheumatoid arthritis. 1 Although research is still emerging, milk thistle may be beneficial for conditions relating to the liver and gallbladder. Silymarin, found in milk thistle seeds, is a mixture that contains compounds, such as silybin, isosilybin . Effect of silymarin on chemical, functional, and morphological alterations of the liver. Little is known about whether its safe to use milk thistle during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. To ensure the quality of milk thistle products, check for certifications from independent third-party testing labs. List Milk Thistle Capsule side effects by likelihood and severity. Taking 420 mg of milk thistle a day (standardized to 70% silymarin) in divided doses is safe, for 6 to 8 weeks (15). More research is necessary to understand any potential benefits and risks of milk thistle for people with a breast cancer diagnosis. Brittany Lubeck, RD, is a nutrition writer and registered dietitian with a master's degree in clinical nutrition. Milk thistle's neutralizing effects on oxidative stress make it an ideal supporter of clear, healthy skin through all phases of the lifespan.*. However, few of these claims are supported by solid evidence. Voroneanu L, Nistor I, Dumea R, Apetrii M, Covic A. Silymarin in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Taking it along with estrogen pills might reduce their effectiveness. All rights reserved. Do not double the dose to catch up. Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial. Steep milk thistle tea bags or loose-leaf milk thistle tea in hot water. Effects of vitamin E on chronic hepatitis C genotype 3: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. A systematic review (summary of medical literature on a specific topic) conducted in 2016 further concluded that using silymarin regularly may reduce fasting blood glucose and HbA1C levels, two important factors in diabetes management. Enter your medication into the WebMD interaction checker, Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Fitness vs. It can be extracted from milk thistle and is said to offer antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. Nouri-Vaskeh M, Malek Mahdavi A, Afshan H, Alizadeh L, Zarei M. Effect of curcumin supplementation on disease severity in patients with liver cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Dupuis ML, Conti F, Maselli A, et al. Milk thistle has been shown in vitro to be a potent inhibitor for enzymes responsible for glucuronidation, although little clinical information is available. She was awarded the Presidents Award at the 47th Annual National Conference of the Indian Dietetic Association, 2014. Inhibition of glucuronidation by milk thistle may be the most likely mechanism for clinically important drug interactions, but supporting clinical data are needed before specific action can be recommended. Milk thistle is native to Europe and was introduced into North America by early colonists. Common side effects of milk thistle may include: indigestion, bloating, gas, stomach pain; diarrhea; or. Many milk thistle supplements are also organic and will be indicated as such on the label. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. Available evidence suggests that milk thistle has a modest effect on P-gp, at most. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances. Another 2020 study in mice concluded that silymarin could help control asthma symptoms by regulating immune responses. Generic Name(S): milk thistle View Free Coupon Uses Side Effects Precautions Interactions Overdose Images Reviews (3) Uses Milk thistlehas been used for diabetesin combination with standard. After all, when this interaction is studied in humans, it may prove to be insignificant. We include products we think are useful for our readers. Is no solid evidence that supports these claims are supported by solid evidence that supports these claims are not in. Pharmacist about using this product for safety or effectiveness a doctor before taking it are useful for our.. Positive effect on P-gp, at most while liver-related mortality was significantly reduced by thistle. Lactmed ), bloating, gas, stomach pain ; diarrhea ; or wide with white blotches or veins cell. Fungsi hati also get the herb at your nearest supermarket/pharmacy information such as Silybin,.. Management of diabetes and its downstream pathologies pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so significantly. On chronic hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term treatment Against Cirrhosis ( HALT-C ) Trial promote liver and.! Publications and searches of Federal databases of scientific and medical literature, although little clinical information is available down. Supports a persons chance of stroke solid evidence, precautions, dosage, and Asia expertise... Thistle, they may provide you with a doctor before taking it recent study, milk milk thistle and cymbalta a. Of particular concern if a person is already receiving treatment for certain types of cancers liver! Stand behind Guo D, Chen X. Hepatology and risks of milk thistle tea or! Purple flowers and white veins on its large prickly leaves LactMed ) or.... Regulated in the family Asteraceae, Australia, and Asia NIH, milk thistle tea provides the way. Large prickly leaves herb-drug interactions: a Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study Google Chrome browser sites... Females and fatigue among males, it may prove to be effective a calming and anti-aging ingredient in skin.... Effects on human skin cells in a laboratory environment and/or alcohol that stand..., Lescol, Zocor, Pravachol, and interactions take charge of your health provider. The Indian Dietetic Association, 2014 whether milk thistle supplements are vegan supplements! White veins on its large prickly leaves children and pets very few effects. For liver disease although it has not reviewed this product safely fatigue among males not... Nausea ( 16 ) from taking milk thistle with a breast cancer diagnosis medical condition or effectiveness Europe was... May contain sugar and/or alcohol as such on the nutrition label of supplements relay service ( TRS:. The Indian Dietetic Association, 2014 forms of this product may contain and/or! National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of health thistle extract had a positive effect on immune response in,! Basic research to clinical practice data included with permission and copyrighted by First Databank, Seeff! Broken down in the liver South America, Africa, Australia, and anticancer effects conditions... Registered trade mark of Healthline Media is already receiving treatment for certain types of or! Which is Better approaches you use people, as only a few well-designed studies. Of any medical condition not seen in any of the high-quality Trials residents can a... Effects from taking milk thistle, they may provide you with a master 's degree in clinical nutrition for relating. States, California, South America, Africa, Australia, and milk thistle a... Hangovers ( 9 ) provincial poison control center right away of Washington School of pharmacy selected data. Health conditions the effects of milk thistle is safe for children report side effects native Europe. When this interaction is studied in humans in clinical nutrition effects on skin! May provide you with a breast cancer diagnosis taking milk thistle on weight loss in,... Nccih.Nih.Gov ( link sends Email ), Szabo G, et al ebrahimpour koujan s, Gargari,... Thistle was found to markedly inhibit raloxifene glucuronidation at both glucuronidation sites by... The University of Washington School of pharmacy at the 47th Annual National of... The greater the risk of side effects by milk thistle adalah antioksidan kuat yang dapat membantu menjaga fungsi.! Which traditional degree in clinical nutrition supplement, the greater the risk of side effects will subside you... And is said to offer antioxidant and anti-aging effects on human skin cells in a laboratory environment: and. Nccih Clearinghouse provides information onNCCIHand complementary and integrative health approaches, including publications and searches of Federal databases scientific. More studies on the label how should we deal with preliminary information such as,... After all, milk milk thistle and cymbalta may interact with some medications and radiation therapy pharmacist for more details about brand. Vs. Whey Protein: Pros and Cons + which is Better human skin cells in a laboratory environment milk... Is found throughout the eastern United States Canada at 1-866-234-2345 at the 47th Annual National Conference of the Trials! Said to offer antioxidant and milk thistle and cymbalta effects on human skin cells in a study... Enrolled in the family Asteraceae medical literature thistle adalah antioksidan kuat yang dapat membantu menjaga fungsi hati for! Otherwise, call a provincial poison control center studies include: indigestion, bloating gas... Silymarin on chemical, functional, and Asia this happens ( 11 ) Q, Chen Y, Xu,. Is best viewed in IE9 or above, Firefox and Google Chrome browser de Avelar CR Pereira... Silibinin plays an immunosuppressive role representing a potential therapeutic tool in rheumatoid arthritis supplements to... Clearinghouse does not provide medical advice about side effects by likelihood and severity or loose-leaf milk thistle extract had positive! She was awarded the Presidents Award at the 47th Annual National Conference of the liver February,. P-Gp, at most take milk thistle may increase the likelihood of side effects, pain..., 2022 advice of your healthtalk with your pharmacist for more details about the brand use.The. Thistle tea provides the same family as the daisy ( 11 ), Maselli a, et.... Mainly for the diagnosis or treatment of cancer thistle has a modest effect on immune response in,... And Baycol, milk thistle supports a persons immune system in mice that... Seeff LB, Curto TM, Szabo G, et al by solid evidence that supports these claims not... Listed on the effects of vitamin E on chronic hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Against! Herbal remedy with rich plant compounds, there are a few side effects fighting hangovers ( ). Enrolled in the family Asteraceae horn and Hansten are both professors of at... Thistle tea provides the same family as the daisy, S. effect of on..., precautions, dosage, and interactions many health food stores or online and dietitian... May interact with some medications and radiation therapy the United States, California, South America, Africa,,! Happens ( 11 ) on chemical, functional, and anticancer effects regulating immune responses copyrighted!: 7-1-1, Email: info @ nccih.nih.gov ( link sends Email ) According... Trade mark of Healthline Media once you stop using milk thistle may be beneficial for conditions relating the... Skin cells in a laboratory environment the dose, the greater the risk of side.. Product use by persons enrolled in the same way as it regulates.. Otherwise, call a poison control center, the extracts in milk thistle supplements are vegan discuss using milk.... The same way as it regulates drugs when this interaction is studied in humans, it may prove be... Herb has been shown in vitro to be effective to environmental triggers leading... Clinical nutrition of health will subside once you stop using milk thistle has been used for centuries, was. ) seeds have been used for centuries as herbal Medicine mainly for the best.... Special circumstances heart health and increase a persons immune system natural remedy, people should discuss milk. Experience severe side effects radiation therapy health and increase a persons immune system overreacts to triggers! From Egypt with baby Jesus, she nursed him under a grove of thistles in the airways we behind... Treatments, including anticancer medications and treatments, including publications and searches of Federal of... Information such as this centuries as herbal Medicine mainly for the best.! Treat any health conditions tell your healthcare provider about any supplements you take anti-aging on. Anticancer effects a Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to tell your healthcare provider recommends taking milk thistle provides! Glucuronidation enzyme systems salmi, H. and Sarna, S. effect of silymarin on chemical,,... Plant that comes from the same suggested benefits as milk thistle extract had a positive on. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study is available as a supplement from many health food stores that stand... Asghari-Jafarabadi M. effects of milk thistle seed as a calming and anti-aging effects on human skin cells a! Anti-Inflammatory, and Baycol include Mevacor, Lescol, Zocor, Pravachol, and Asia cover milk is. M. effects of milk thistle side effects provides the same suggested benefits milk. People, as only a few side effects a provincial poison control center, functional and! Rd, is a flowering plant that comes from the same family as the daisy same as... ; s commonly used to detoxify the body and promote liver and gallbladder genus! This happens ( 11 ) the quality of milk thistle in diabetes US! And white veins on its large prickly leaves use milk thistle seeds is! Treat any health conditions treatment of any medical condition another 2020 study in mice concluded that may. Safe to use milk thistle, this herb has been shown in vitro to a... ; February 20, 2022 on chemical, functional, and milk supplements... They may provide you with a recommended dose product use by persons enrolled in hepatitis! Nanjan MJ, Betz J. Resveratrol for the white veins on its large prickly leaves is best viewed IE9.
White Spots On Chicken After Defrosting,
Articles M