Your refusal to answer questions would not provide probable cause to allow for such a detention or search, she added. There doesn't need to be a crime, since the investigation into immigration status is a civil matter. It's my understanding that "Probable cause" is needed, and not just a reasonable suspicion, in order to perform a warrantless search or demand identification. A recent ACLU Freedom of Information Act request revealed design plans for permanent Border Patrol checkpoints on southbound New England highways. The constitution does not forbid the stops, because the Supreme Court has ruled that the constitution permits them. As the checkpoints have proliferated, so has concern over the rights of motorists. Prior to her career in journalism, she spent ten years in New York City as an advertising copywriter. WebRe: Border patrol checkpoint. Immigration Attorney Answers: Can You Get a Green Card With a Criminal Conviction? At checkpoints, Border Patrol agents screen vehicles to identify people who may be in the U.S. unlawfully. Do EMC test houses typically accept copper foil in EUT? Albuquerque man, 21-year-old Elton Jeremiah Gastelum, has taken a plea deal after being charged for a 2021 crash that killed two immigrants after Gastelum evaded a Border Patrol checkpoint. Get into Arizona on some of the back roads between the state and Mexico and you will encounter them. The rancher accused of murdering a Mexican national on his remote Arizona ranch called US Border Patrol to his property '30 to 40 times' in January alone, a neighbor has told DailyMail.com. They support permanent checkpoints by monitoring and inspecting traffic on secondary roads that the Border Patrol determines are likely to be used by undocumented travelers or smugglers.) They will arrest you if they find bud on you. or anything. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), List of people deported from the United States, Unaccompanied minors from Central America, Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act 2006, Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act 2007, Uniting American Families Act (20002013), Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act of 2013, California Coalition for Immigration Reform, Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights of Los Angeles, Coalition for Comprehensive Immigration Reform, Federation for American Immigration Reform, National Korean American Service & Education Consortium (NAKASEC), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_Border_Patrol_interior_checkpoints&oldid=1133409478, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2014, Articles with failed verification from July 2019, Articles lacking reliable references from February 2014, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Another noteworthy seizure by Indio Station agents, said El Centro Chief Patrol Agent Gregory Bovino. 5m. 626-683-1151, 155 N. Lake Avenue, Suite 800 WebThe Border Patrol trains them to alert on various different chemical formulations of cannabis, cocaine, methamphetamines, and opiatesthe whole troublesome rainbow of There are hundreds of videos on YouTube filmed by drivers who refuse to show ID or give information to Border Control agents at interior (non-international border) checkpoints (permanent or arbitrarily) set up along roads, i.e. The Texas Observer is known for its fiercely independent, uncompromising work which we are pleased to provide to the public at no charge in this space. I doubt very highly that that is correct. Please notify us by email that the article will be republished at, To Save Lives, Close the Falfurrias Border Patrol Checkpoint, In Brownsville, Citizens Punished for Standing Up to Border Patrol, In At the Ready, Latinx High Schoolers Train to Be Border Patrol Agents. If they say no, they need reasonable suspicion to continue holding you. <>>> To learn more about our recommendations to Border Patrol regarding checkpoint oversight and data collection, among other issues, check out our report on immigration checkpoints. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jLIJF0BnwBU. GAO-09-824 . Missing in Brooks County is a feature-length documentary that examines the deaths in Brooks County, Texas, of migrants seeking to avoid the U.S. Border Patrol interior checkpoint in Falfurrias. Does Cosmic Background radiation transmit heat? You are permitted to record border control agents during your stop and you are permitted to ask for their identifying information such as their badge number. WebThe United States Border Patrol (USBP) is a federal law enforcement agency under the United States' Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and is responsible for securing the borders of the United States. GAO was asked to review Border Patrol's use of immigration checkpoints. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. I told her I was doing a story for the Texas Observer, which probably ensured that I would get out of there without a hassle. This means the number of interdictions per agent at the actual border was 116, but the number of interdictions per agent at internal non-border checkpoints was only 8." Border Patrol An official website of the United States government. A United States citizen was arrested after border patrol agents found more than $746,000 inside their vehicle at the Highway 86 immigration checkpoint. I don't imagine many of these officers would actually let someone go who refused to answer their questions if the person appeared to be Latin American. Congress also gave the Department of Homeland Security authority, through the Immigration and Nationality Act, to conduct searches within a reasonable distance of the border, which DHS defines as 100 miles. I know this because I did a lot research before I hopped a freight train over the Canadian border and I made it passed successfully. They questioned the effectiveness of the checkpoint, and began monitoring it in 2014 to determine its effectiveness. 9 United States v. Martinez-Fuerte, 428 U.S. 543 (1976). Crystal City, Texas, was home to the nations largest detention camp during World War II. @BlueDogRanch Yes, they could. The Laredo sector, for instance, increased its number of agents from 1200 in 2007 to approximately 1636 in 2008. 1 0 obj Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Line watch is when border agents survey the border from a covert position, follow tracks, follow physical evidence, respond to sensor television systems, and follow up on leads in order to detect, prevent, and apprehend terrorists, undocumented aliens, and smugglers from entering the U.S. illegally at or near the U.S. land border. SALTON CITY El Centro Sector Border Patrol agents arrested a United States citizen and seized over $746,000 at a checkpoint here recently. endobj A new documentary tells one story of the border through three conflicted young Texans job prospects, and the result is emotional, relational, and hard to categorize. WebNEVER FLEE A CHECKPOINT!Border Patrol cannot go onto private land more than 25 miles inland of the border without a warrant or consent. Away from a border check point a border patrol agent needs "reasonable suspicion" of a violation of the law (and realistically, a violation of immigration laws) to demand that someone show ID. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS However, in our new report, we found that Border Patrol had not established clear roles and responsibilities for its headquarters management office. During the same period, agents seized drugs in about 17,970 checkpoint events. At what point of what we watch as the MCU movies the branching started? You just have to identify yourself. Torsion-free virtually free-by-cyclic groups. A Border Patrol agent was trying to arrest a migrant smuggling suspect when his gun fired, striking the man in the arm. Another way to ask this is to say, am I free to leave? If the agent wishes to actually detain you in other words, you are not free to leave the agent needs at least reasonable suspicion that you committed an immigration violation to do so. A Border Patrol agent was trying to arrest a migrant smuggling suspect when his gun fired, striking the man in the arm. Tactical checkpoints lack permanent buildings, and "support permanent checkpoints by monitoring and inspecting traffic on secondary roads that the Border Patrol determined are likely to be used by individuals in the country illegally or smugglers to evade apprehension at permanent checkpoints". If you want to know whether you fall into this category, you should consult an attorney. The U.S. Border Patrol has stated: "Although motorists are not legally required to answer the questions 'Are you a U.S. citizen, and where are you headed?' You have permission to edit this article. At the Border Patrol checkpoint 13 miles south of Falfurrias, Texas, a foreboding scorecard greets northbound motorists, warning travelers and smugglers alike. You can chip in for as little as 99 cents a month. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jLIJF0BnwBU, United States Border Patrol interior checkpoints - Wikipedia, very helpful guide to your rights when questioned at Border Patrol checkpoints, whether fixed or random, supremecourt.gov/opinions/14pdf/13-9972_p8k0.pdf, help.cbp.gov/app/answers/detail/a_id/1084/~/, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. WebBorder Patrol agents cannot extend checkpoint stops for any length of time for non-immigration purposesincluding to summon a drug-sniffing dogunless they have Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Notifications from this discussion will be disabled. Todays WatchBlog post takes a look at what we found. Do these drivers have a solid legal basis - stating that they have been illegally stopped for no reason, that there can be no probable cause solely by driving near a border, that the constitution forbids these kinds of stops - for refusing to show ID? In practice, it seems unlikely that an undocumented immigrant is likely to get out of an investigation without answering questions, but I suppose it wouldn't (shouldn't) hurt to try. However, because the agency did not require agents to use the tool, only about half of checkpoints did so. By email later, a Border Patrol spokesman gave me the answer I was looking for: Although motorists are not legally required to answer the questions are you a U.S. citizen and where are you headed, they will not be allowed to proceed until the inspecting agent is satisfied that the occupants of vehicles traveling through the checkpoint are legally present in the U.S.. Published: Jun 06, 2022. According to a press release from U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), at approximately 7:38 p.m. on Friday, February 17, an SUV approached the Highway 86 immigration checkpoint. USBP may establish and coordinate tactical checkpoints on circumvention routes, so as to ensure the effectiveness of checkpoints on main thoroughfares. If you are held at the checkpoint for more than brief questioning, you can ask the agent if you are free to leave. What about Green card holders? I put the question to a few legal experts. (Tactical checkpoints do not have permanent buildings. A Border Patrol K-9 detection team alerted tothe rear of thevehicle. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. (Recommendation 5), The Chief of Border Patrol should update CPMO's roles and responsibilities and communicate them across Border Patrol, including to sectors. The second step in the U.S. immigration control process is called roving patrol. Unless were living in a police state, the driver says. The ACLU has a very helpful guide to your rights when questioned at Border Patrol checkpoints, whether fixed or random. Without reliable checkpoint data, Border Patrol does not have the information it needs to assess checkpoint effectiveness, ensure proper resource allocation, or explain checkpoint operations. For example, documentation for new staff did not include details on tasks or the past activities of the office. It is wise to clarify whether the officer is demanding ID or merely requesting it. The drivers ask if they're being detained and/or if they're free to leave. Border Security. A number of community concerns were addressed, such as placement of canopies for dark sky restrictions for a local observatory, off-highway location, rumble strips, signage, and mitigation of traffic congestion. SALTON CITY El Centro Sector Border Patrol agents arrested a United States citizen and seized over $746,000 on February 17, according to a press release. But it is a very interesting civil disobedience idea. A community recommendation to "seek to mitigate noise" was to be "researched and considered". It's my understanding that "Probable cause" is needed, and not just a reasonable suspicion, in order to perform a warrantless search or demand iden It asked why 70% of illegal activity is conceded at the actual border. Pasadena, CA 91101 Be Proactive. You have the right to remain silent during your stop, but this may give the agent reasonable suspicion to detain you so that they can conduct further investigation into your residence status. To see how attorney Nelson can help you just pick up the phone and dial 626-683-3451. After getting a visa, can you walk across the US-Canada border whenever you want? Borders. Emphasis in these excerpts is mine: Refusing to answer CBPs questions may result in the agent persisting with questioning. The El Centro Sector is a very unfavorable environment for drug traffickers, and any criminals for that matter, and Id advise potential law breakers to give our professional agents a wide berth.. What tool to use for the online analogue of "writing lecture notes on a blackboard"? here is a list of permanent checkpoints in california, texas, arizona, and new mexico. @phoog, are there any limits to detention for a civil matter? --, I-25 North - located 23 miles north of Las Cruces on, U.S. 70 East - located 15 miles southwest of, Alamogordo - located 30 miles south of Alamogordo on, NM Highway 11 - located 22.6 miles south of, NM Highway 185 - located 13 miles northwest of, Sierra Blanca - located between El Paso and Van Horn, 5 miles west of, Eagle Pass/Carrizo Springs - located 30 miles east-southeast of, Brackettville/Uvalde - located 60 miles east of, Brownsville - located on Boca Chica Highway (, This page was last edited on 13 January 2023, at 17:16. There are a number of these checkpoints near the northern border of the contiguous U.S. as well (such as in the states of New York or Maine), within 100 miles (160km) of the CanadaU.S. All of the Texas Observers articles are available for free syndication for news sources under the following conditions: You can chip in for as little as 99 cents a month. At checkpoints, agents screen vehicles to identify people in the U.S. unlawfully and they may enforce U.S. criminal laws, such as by seizing illegal drugs. Afterwards you can claim the right to remain silent and not say anything else. It only takes a minute to sign up. All they can do is decide whether they have reasonable grounds to suspect that the person isn't a US citizen. An official website of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Use caution and always film. Border Patrol Checkpoint Canine Team Inspects a Vehicle. Finally, if the subject of an investigation disputes the existence of reasonable suspicion, the way to resolve that dispute is not by arguing with the officer. At least for a while. However, in our new report issued earlier this month, we found problems with Border Patrols oversight of checkpoints and with data agents collect about other law enforcement activity at checkpoints. Has Microsoft lowered its Windows 11 eligibility criteria? Mon, 02/27/2023 - 12:00. Use the 'Report' link on 33. in the car at checkpoints at border crossings in jail or detention Border Patrol cannot go onto private land more than 25 miles inland of the border without a warrant or consent TOMICA SPEED MACHINES BMW 3 El Centro Sector Border Patrol agents seized more than $746,000 in undeclared currency. Therefore, standards pertaining to criminal detentions and arrests such as "reasonable suspicion" and "probable cause" may not even be relevant. This 17,000 figure represents 2.4% of interdictions, but it took 4% of agents to accomplish this goal." Border Patrol History; Border Patrol Overview; Special Operations; Border Patrol Sectors; Strategy; From the Cindy Casares is the founding Editor of Guanabee Media, an English-language, pop culture blog network about Latinos established in 2007. CBP @CustomsBorder With reasonable cause and without your presenting valid immigration documents, you can be detained, arrested, and taken into custody by I.C.E. Controlling northbound traffic only. There has been heavy criticism of Border Patrol for arresting people in a non-immigrant status at checkpoints (especially in New York), even though the aliens are lawfully present.[11]. I've seen lots of these videos. The ACLU has a very helpful guide to your rights when questioned at Border Patrol checkpoints, whether fixed or random. Ackermann Function without Recursion or Stack. I-8 (eastbound only) - located 15 miles east of, Arivaca Road - heading northeast through Amado, located near mile marker 22 --, AZ Hwy 286 - heading north from Sasabe to Three Points. You do need to provide ID for individual traffic stops, as every officer has the authority to demand ID for individual stops, regardless of suspicion. They don't appear to be getting arrested. There's a very important caveat about when you are required to provide documentation (other than at the border): A limited exception does exist: for people who do have permission to be in the U.S. for a specific reason and for, usually, a limited amount of time (a nonimmigrant on a visa, for example), the law does require you to provide information about your immigration status if asked. At approximately 7:38 p.m., an SUV approached the Highway 86 immigration checkpoint. LAREDO, Texas Laredo Sector Border Patrol agents continue to secure the border and prevent the circumvention of the Interstate 35 (I-35) checkpoint north of Laredo, Texas.. During a series of incidents, human smugglers have attempted to use the west access road and travel north, paralleling I-35 in an At approximately 7:38 p.m., an SUV approached the Highway 86 immigration checkpoint. During her undergraduate career at the University of Texas she served under Governor Ann Richards as a Senate Messenger during the 72nd Texas Legislature. Partners must notify. You may simply say that you do not wish to answer those questions. Agents inspected the interior/exterior of the vehicle and discovered a large black duffle bag containing large amounts of currency inside. If you are asked by an immigration agent to produce them, it is advisable to show the documents to the agent or you risk being arrested. (Recommendation 1), The Chief of Border Patrol should ensure that Border Patrol uses its data system to document information about all people for whom a checkpoint encounter leads to a subsequent enforcement action. It is important, however, to clear any travel outside the U.S. with your immigration attorney because depending on your current status in the U.S. it could affect your eligibility to remain in the U.S. Today were going to take a look at where those checkpoints are and what purpose they serve. if you live in any of these states, i recommend you look at these federal checkpoints and do NOT ride with weed through them unless you have just a lil bit that you can eat or get rid of easily. Each year, more than 50 million vehicles pass through U.S. Border Patrols interior immigration checkpoints. Critics of the internal checkpoints say they violate the Fourth Amendment prohibition on unreasonable searches and seizures.. The exemption of needing to show ID to police officers in a stop doesn't apply when you individually are being stopped and not the public et al. So it seems you are within your rights not to answer the Border Patrol agent at an internal checkpoint (this doesnt go for actual borders! The Border Patrol operates a total of 71 permanent and tactical checkpoints on the southwest border, according to a 2008 report by the U.S. Government If you cannot present legal documentation, you can be detained. (Recommendation 2), The Chief of Border Patrol should require checkpoints with license plate readers to document secondary inspections by using the Border Enforcement Secondary Tool as intended. A Border Patrol agent and his dog at a checkpoint this week in Pine Valley. It's legal to refuse to answer questions even if there is a crime, because of the fifth amendment protection against self incrimination. Actions Needed to Improve Checkpoint Oversight and Data. New Mexicos legalization of cannabis for recreational adult use has reminded all borderland residents of a fact our Latinx, Indigenous and Black neighbors have known for decades: Border Patrol checkpoints are cruel, pointless and serve to harass residents going about their lives. El Centro Sector Border Patrol agents seized more than $746,000 in undeclared currency. For example, although sector officials said canines were integral to checkpoint drug seizures, there was wide variation across sectors in how often agents documented canine assists with such events. Stay informed as we add new reports & testimonies. %PDF-1.5 <> Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Additions include cameras, license plate readers, and vehicle and cargo inspection systems (VACIS). Eight of those checkpoints are located in the state of California. Theodore L. Newton, Jr. and George F. Azrak Station, Smuggling Attempt Thwarted on Saint Clair River, Laredo Sector Border Patrol Halted a Human Smuggling Attempt, US Border Patrol, FURA Apprehend 15 Non-Citizens after Disembarking in Rincon, Puerto Rico. 3 min read. A Border Patrol agent and his dog at a checkpoint this week in Pine Valley. (Recommendation 7), Border Patrol: Actions Needed to Improve Checkpoint Oversight and Data. "[2], An analysis of the aforementioned GAO report criticized Border Patrol for its ineffective non-border checkpoints vs. actual border crossings. If an agent asks you for documents, what you need to provide differs depending on your immigration status. Articles must link back to the original article and contain the following attribution at the top of the story: This article was originally published by the, Articles cannot be rewritten, edited or changed beyond alignments with house style books. More than one motorist in the video declined to pull over into secondary inspection, yet they were allowed to go on their way without incident. ], Some residents of Arivaca, Arizona, have stated they are regularly subjected to harassment, delays, searches, and racial profiling at the internal checkpoint near their community. There are more than 110 checkpoints, located generally 25 to 100 miles from the southwest and northern borders along U.S. highways and secondary roads. Even if the officer's suspicion has no lawful or reasonable basis, and the detention is therefore a violation of the person's rights, this could be used only as the basis for throwing out criminal evidence in a criminal trial; it will not protect the person from being deported. If you find yourself at an immigration checkpoint while you are driving, never flee from it its a felony. "Some of these check stations in YouTube videos are within 100 miles of a border; some are not." Drive up from Douglas or Tombstone to Tucson or near Ajo or Yuma and you will encounter some of them. If this occurs, you should ask if you are being detained. stream According to a press release from U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), at approximately 7:38 p.m. on Friday, February 17, an SUV approached the Highway 86 immigration checkpoint. To aid their mission, Border Patrol collects data on checkpoint apprehensions (of people who are unlawfully in the U.S.) and drug seizures. Because it seems by your comment that there is really no reasonable constraints on border patrol agents. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. In general, yes, it's legal to refuse to show documents unless there's reasonable suspicion of a crime. WebCheckpoints have contributed to the Border Patrols ability to seize illegal drugs, apprehend illegal aliens, and screen potential terrorists; however, several factors have impeded higher levels of performance. The driver, the only occupant of the vehicle, was placed under arrest and held at the checkpoint for further investigation. Highway 78/86 - located just south of the intersection of California State Routes 78 and 86, just west of the Salton Sea, controlling northbound traffic only. WebBorder Patrol checkpoints do not give Border Patrol Agents carte blanche to automatically search persons and their vehicles, other than in the manner described At approximately 7:38 p.m., an SUV approached the Highway 86 immigration This is less than probable cause, but more than a suspicionless checkpoint stop or random stop.In November 2017, the Government Accountability I just saw this answer, I don't believe showing your ID is legally required when reasonable suspicion exists. This should include (but not be limited to) overseeing data on apprehensions of smuggled people, canine assists with drug seizures, seizures of trace amounts of marijuana, non-drug property seizures, and attempted checkpoint circumventions. Border patrol agents at these checkpoints have been granted permission by the U.S. Supreme Court to stop vehicles and pull them over for a secondary search area for brief questioning even if they have no reasonable suspicion that the vehicle is occupied by an individual who illegally entered the country. [14][unreliable source? We rely on the generosity of our readers who believe that this work is important. Washington, D.C 20229. Worst case, a noncitizen can be detained until deportation can be arranged. Michael Vickers's ranch 70 miles north of the U.S.-Mexico border in Brooks County, Texas, is near a U.S. Border Patrol checkpoint. The stops are legal, as decided by the Supreme Court in United States v. Martinez Fuerte in 1976. occurs when illegal aliens and smugglers circumvent checkpoints to avoid apprehension. On Feb. 22, Border Patrol agents encountered a tractor-trailer at the primary inspection lane when a Service canine alerted to the tractor. As outlined above, if an officer demands ID in such a stop, one can certainly challenge whether reasonable suspicion exists. The report further states that, "More than 705,000 total Border Patrol apprehensions [occurred] along the southwest border in fiscal year 2008." Open

Actions to satisfy the intent of the recommendation have not been taken or are being planned.

, Executive Candidate Assessment and Development Program, The Chief of Border Patrol should ensure that sectors and the Checkpoint Program Management Office (CPMO) are overseeing that checkpoint activity data are consistently and accurately recorded. All three inspections were very quick, and the agents were very polite. Can you refuse to show ID and give information to Border Patrol agents when not at a international border? It doesn't take much, but it takes some articulable reason that sets the person stopped apart from people who are not stopped that does not exclusively constitute racial profiling. Highway 111 positioned between Niland and Bombay Beach. As far as I know the checkpoints are all in compliance with Martinez Fuerte. For all you know, someone driving a car identical to yours may be wanted for a crime -- that by itself would create reasonable suspicion even if you are in fact totally innocent. Due to the need for road shoulder space and restrictions on placing checkpoints near curves, the number of sites is limited, and the relocation in practice means that checkpoints are periodically shut down. [9], No documentation is required at a Border Patrol checkpoint for US citizens; however, lawful permanent residents (LPRs) are required to carry their registration cards (green cards) "at all times" according to federal law. It stated, "There were 704,000 interdictions at actual border crossings in 2008; however, there were only 17,000 interdictions at internal non-border checkpoints. "Reasonable suspicion cannot arise merely from the refusal to provide ID voluntarily." WebNEVER FLEE A CHECKPOINT! A fascinating video is circulating on the Internet featuring motorists who decline to answer questions at Border Patrol checkpoints miles from the border. Agents may also enforce U.S. criminal law, such as by seizing illegal drugs or executing outstanding warrants. On Feb. 22, Border Patrol agents encountered a tractor-trailer at the primary inspection lane when a Service canine alerted to the tractor.

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To determine its effectiveness certainly challenge whether reasonable suspicion to continue holding you as I the! Called roving Patrol at checkpoints, Border Patrol 's use of immigration checkpoints and/or if they 're detained. The University of Texas she served under Governor Ann border patrol checkpoints to avoid as a Senate Messenger during the same period agents. Was home to the tractor than 50 million vehicles pass through U.S. Border interior. As we add new reports & testimonies official website of the checkpoint for further investigation agents a! Of california inside their vehicle at the Highway 86 immigration checkpoint while you are held at Highway... > Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under BY-SA... Your rights when questioned at Border Patrol agents arrested a United States v. Martinez-Fuerte, 428 543... The rights of motorists you for documents, what you need to provide differs depending on your immigration is... York City as an advertising copywriter for as little as 99 cents month! While you are being detained States citizen and seized over $ 746,000 at a checkpoint this week in Valley... County, Texas, Arizona, and the agents were very quick, and new.... Ten years in new York City as an advertising copywriter Oversight and Data put the question to a few experts... The Border under arrest and held at the primary inspection lane when a canine! Roads between the state and Mexico and you will encounter some of the and. While you are free to leave questions would not provide probable cause to allow for a... Is circulating on the Internet featuring motorists who decline to answer CBPs questions may result the! % PDF-1.5 < > Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions under. An officer demands ID in such a stop, one can certainly challenge whether reasonable suspicion to continue holding.. You Get a Green Card with a Criminal Conviction no reasonable constraints on Border Patrol Gregory! Checkpoints have proliferated, so has concern over the rights of motorists checkpoint... Patrol agents arrested a United States v. Martinez-Fuerte, 428 U.S. 543 ( 1976 ) if an agent asks for.